UPSC CSE Syllabus & Exam Pattern 2023 | (Hindi & English)

हिंदी में सिलेबस देखे - Click here 

The Civil Services Exam (CSE) is a nationwide exam conducted by the Union Public Service Commission (UPSC) in India for recruitment of various designated posts viz IAS (Indian Administrative Service), IPS (Indian Police Service), IFS (Indian Foreign Service), IRS (Indian Revenue Service) and allied services. This exam is considered to be one of the toughest exams in India. Hence, to be able to get through the IAS exam successfully, candidates should know the latest IAS syllabus for UPSC in detail.

√ In this article, we have discussed the UPSC Syllabus 2022 for both UPSC Prelims and Mains Exam. In addition to that, we’ve also briefly touched upon the UPSC Exam Pattern. To ease your UPSC Civil Services preparation, download the micro list of topics included in the UPSC syllabus and refer to it while reading any new topic

PHASE 1 : PRELIM'S

The UPSC Civil Services Prelims has two papers namely General Studies-I and General Studies-II (CSAT).

NUMBER 0F PAPERS	PAPAER 1 (GS)	PAPER 2 (CSAT)
PAPER TYPE	MERIT	QUALIFYING
QUE. TYPE	MCQ	MCQ
MAX. MARKS	100QUE/200MM	80QUE/200MM
DURATION	2 HOURS	2 HOURS
NEGATIVE M.	1/3	1/3
MEDIUM OF EXAM	HINDI/ENG	HINDI/ENG

UPSC Syllabus for Prelims: Paper-I

The IAS Syllabus for UPSC Prelims Exam includes the following topics:

1. Current Events of National and International Importance.

2. History of India and Indian National Movement.

3. Indian and World Geography - Physical, Social, Economic Geography of India and the World.

4. Indian Polity and Governance - Constitution, Political System, Panchayati Raj, Public Policy, Rights Issues, etc.

5. Economic and Social Development - Sustainable Development, Poverty, Inclusion, Demographics, Social Sector Initiatives, etc.

6. General Issues on Environmental Ecology, Bio-diversity and Climate Change - that do not require subject specialization General Science

UPSC Syllabus For Prelims: General Studies Paper-II

The GS-II in UPSC Prelims is also known as CSAT or Civil Services Aptitude Test. The following topics are included in the IAS syllabus for this paper:

1. Comprehension

2. Interpersonal skills including communication skills

3. Logical reasoning and analytical ability

4. Decision-making and problem solving

5. General mental ability

6. Basic numeracy (numbers and their relations, orders of magnitude, etc., - Class X level), Data interpretation (charts, graphs, tables, data sufficiency, etc., - Class X level)

PHASE 2 : MAIN'S

UPSC Mains exam consists of nine papers that are held over 4-5 days. Out of these, only seven papers are merit-oriented. The rest two papers including the Compulsory Indian Language paper and Compulsory English paper are qualifying in nature.

PAPER	SUBJECT	TOTAL MARKS
Paper     A	One of the Indian language to be Selected by the candidate from the language included in the Eighth Schedule to the Constitution	300 Marks
Paper    B	English	300 Marks
PAPERS TO BE COUNTED FOR MERIT (RANKING)
Paper-     1	Essay	250 Marks
Paper-     2	General Studies - 1 (Indian Heritage and Culture,History and Geography of the world/society)	250 Marks
Paper-     3	General Studies - 2 (Governance, Constitution,Polity, Social Justice and International Relation)	250 Marks
Paper-    4	General Studies - 3 (Technology,Economic,Development, Bio-diversity,Environment,Security and Disaster Management)	250 Marks
Paper-    5	General Studies - 4 (Ethics,Integrity and Aptitude)	250 Marks
Paper-    6	Optional Subject - Paper 1	250 Marks
Paper-    7	Optional Subject - Paper 2	250 Marks
	Sub Total (Written Test)	1750 Marks
	Personality Test	275 Marks
	Grand Total	2025 Marks

UPSC MAINS  SYLLABUS

PAPER-I Essay

Candidates may be required to write essays on multiple topics. They will be expected to arrange their ideas in an orderly fashion and write concisely. Credit will be given for effective and exact expression.

PAPER-II General Studies-I: Indian Heritage and Culture, History and Geography of the World and Society.

1. Indian culture will cover the salient aspects of Art Forms, Literature & Architecture from ancient to modern times.
2. Modern Indian History from about the middle of the eighteenth century until the present- significant events, personalities, issues.
3. The Freedom Struggle - its various stages and important contributors /contributions from different parts of the country.
4. Post-independence consolidation and reorganization within the country.
5. History of the World will include events from the 18th century, such as the Industrial Revolution, World Wars, redraw of national boundaries, colonization, decolonization, political philosophies like communism, capitalism, socialism, etc., - their forms and effects on the society.
6. Salient features of Indian Society, Diversity of India. Role of women and women's organisations, population and associated issues, poverty and developmental issues, urbanization, their problems and their remedies. Effects of globalization on Indian society - Social empowerment, communalism, regionalism & secularism.
7. Salient features of the world's physical geography.
8. Distribution of key natural resources across the world (including South Asia and the Indian sub-continent); factors responsible for the location of primary, secondary, and tertiary sector industries in various parts of the world (including India); Important Geophysical phenomena, such as earthquakes, tsunami, volcanic activity, cyclones, etc., geographical features and their location - changes in critical geographical features (including waterbodies and ice-caps) and in flora and fauna and the effects of such changes.

PAPER-III General Studies- II: Governance, Constitution, Polity, Social Justice and International Relations.

1. Indian Constitution- historical underpinnings, evolution, features, amendments, significant provisions, and basic structure.
2. Functions and responsibilities of the Union and the States, issues and challenges pertaining to the federal structure, devolution of powers and finances up to local levels and challenges therein.
3. Separation of powers between various organs, dispute redressal mechanisms and institutions.
4. Comparison of the Indian constitutional scheme with that of other countries, Parliament and State Legislatures - structure, functioning, the conduct of business, powers & privileges and issues arising out of these.
5. Structure, organization, and functioning of the Executive and the Judiciary, Ministries and Departments of the Government; pressure groups and formal/informal associations and their role in the Polity.
6. Salient features of the Representation of People's Act.
7. Appointment to various Constitutional posts, powers, functions, and responsibilities of various Constitutional Bodies.
8. Statutory, regulatory, and various quasi-judicial bodies, Government policies and interventions for development in various sectors and issues arising out of their design and implementation.
9. Development processes and the development industry - the role of NGOs, SHGs, various groups and associations, donors, charities, institutional and other stakeholders.
10. Welfare schemes for vulnerable sections of the population by the Center and States and the performance of these schemes; mechanisms, laws, institutions and Bodies constituted for the protection and betterment of these vulnerable sections.
11. Issues related to development and management of Social Sector/Services in the field of Health, Education, Human Resources.
12. Issues related to poverty and hunger.
13. Important aspects of governance, transparency, and accountability, e-governance - applications, models, successes, limitations, and potential; citizens charters, transparency & accountability and institutional and other measures.
14. Role of Civil Services in a democracy.
15. India and its neighbourhood - relations. Bilateral, regional and global groupings and agreements involving India and/or affecting India's interests Effect of policies and politics of developed and developing countries on India's interests, Indian diaspora.
16. Important International institutions, agencies and fora- their structure, mandate.

PAPER-IV General Studies-III: Technology, Economic Development, Biodiversity, Environment, Security and Disaster Management.

1. Indian Economy and issues relating to planning, mobilization of resources, growth, development and employment. Inclusive growth and issues arising from it.
2. Government Budgeting. Major crops cropping patterns in various parts of the country, different types of irrigation and irrigation systems storage, transport and marketing of agricultural produce and issues and related constraints;
3. E-technology in the aid of farmers Issues related to direct and indirect farm subsidies and minimum support prices;
4. Public Distribution System- objectives, functioning, limitations, revamping; issues of buffer stocks and food security; Technology missions; economics of animal-rearing.
5. Food processing and related industries in India- scope and significance, location, upstream and downstream requirements, supply chain management.
6. Land reforms in India. Effects of liberalization on the economy, changes in industrial policy and their effects on industrial growth.
7. Infrastructure: Energy, Ports, Roads, Airports, Railways etc.
8. Investment models. Science and Technology- developments and their applications and effects in everyday life Achievement of Indians in science & technology; indigenization of technology and developing new technology.
9. Awareness in the fields of IT, Space, Computers, robotics, nano-technology, bio-technology and issues relating to intellectual property rights.
10. Conservation, environmental pollution and degradation, environmental impact assessment Disaster and disaster management.
11. Linkages between development and spread of extremism.
12. Role of external state and non-state actors in creating challenges to internal security.
13. Challenges to internal security through communication networks, the role of media and social networking sites in internal security challenges, basics of cyber security; money-laundering and its prevention.
14. Security challenges and their management in border areas; linkages of organized crime with terrorism Various Security forces and agencies and their mandate.

PAPER-V General Studies- IV: Ethics, Integrity, and Aptitude

This paper will include questions to test the candidates' attitude and approach to issues relating to integrity, probity in public life and his problem-solving approach to various issues and conflicts faced by him in dealing with society. Questions may utilize the case study approach to determine these aspects.
The following broad areas will be covered. Ethics and Human Interface: Essence, determinants and consequences of Ethics in human actions; dimensions of ethics; ethics in private and public relationships.

1. Human Values - lessons from the lives and teachings of great leaders, reformers and administrators; the role of family, society and educational institutions in inculcating values.
2. Attitude: content, structure, function; its influence and relation with thought and behaviour; moral and political attitudes; social influence and persuasion.
3. Aptitude and foundational values for Civil Service, integrity, impartiality and non-partisanship, objectivity, dedication to public service, empathy, tolerance and compassion towards the weaker sections.
4. Emotional intelligence-concepts, and their utilities and application in administration and governance. Contributions of moral thinkers and philosophers from India and the world.
5. Public/Civil service values and Ethics in Public administration: Status and problems; ethical concerns and dilemmas in government and private institutions; laws, rules, regulations and conscience as sources of ethical guidance; accountability and ethical governance; strengthening of ethical and moral values in governance; ethical issues in international relations and funding; corporate governance.
6. Probity in Governance: Concept of public service; Philosophical basis of governance and probity;
7. Information sharing and transparency in government, Right to Information, Codes of Ethics, Codes of Conduct, Citizen's Charters, Work culture, Quality of service delivery, Utilization of public funds, challenges of corruption. Case Studies on the above issues.

Paper-VI: Optional Paper-I

1. Optional Subject -Paper I (250 Marks) )

Paper-VII: Optional Paper-II

1. Optional Subject - Paper-II (250 marks)

S. No	List of Optional Subjects in UPSC
1.	Agriculture
2.	Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science
3.	Anthropology
4.	Botany
5.	Chemistry
6.	Civil Engineering
7.	Commerce & Accountancy
8.	Economics
9.	Electrical Engineering
10.	Geography
11.	Geology
12.	History
13.	Law
14.	Management
15.	Mathematics
16.	Mechanical Engineering
17.	Medical Science
18.	Philosophy
19.	Physics
20.	Political Science & International Relation
21.	Psychology
22.	Public Administration
23.	Sociology
24.	Statistics
25.	Zoology